A new study led by researchers in the UK found that an overall healthy "whole food" diet comprising a high proportion of fruits, vegetables and fish, protected middle aged people against depression compared to a processed food diet containing a high proportion of high fat dairy food, processed meat, fried food, refined grains and sugar-laden desserts.
The data allowed the researchers to identify two dietary patters: a whole food diet and a processed food diet. The whole food diet comprised mainly fresh fruits and vegetables and fish, while the processed diet comprised mainly sweetened desserts, fried foods, high fat dairy foods, processed meat and refined grains.
When they analyzed the results and ruled out potential con-founders such as age, gender, education, smoking, exercise, and chronic diseases, the researchers found that:
- • Participants in the top 33 percent of the whole food diet pattern, (ie whose diet most closely matched the whole food diet), had a 26 per cent lower risk of receiving a CES-D depression assessment five years later compared to the bottom 33 percent (ie whose diet least closely matched the whole food diet.)
- • In contrast, participants whose diet was high in processed foods had a 58 per cent higher risk of receiving a CES-D depression rating five years later.
The researchers concluded that: "In middle-aged participants, a processed food dietary pattern is a risk factor for CES-D depression 5 years later, whereas a whole food pattern is protective."
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